Meaning
for this reason; from this point forward, often implying a logical conclusion
Primary Function
Drawing logical conclusions
Communicative Purpose
to draw a direct conclusion, often implying ‘that is why’ or ‘as a result’
Pattern
hence
Core Structure
hence
Função primária
Drawing logical conclusions
Propósito comunicativo
to draw a direct conclusion, often implying ‘that is why’ or ‘as a result’
Situações de gatilho
academic deductions, formal logic, written arguments, research papers
Contextos
formal academic and technical writing, research articles, scholarly essays
Padrão
hence
Estrutura central
hence
Slots de substituição
sometimes used without a following clause, as in ‘hence the name’ or ‘hence the problem’, or with a noun phrase, e.g., ‘hence the delay’
Colocados típicos
- hence the need for
- hence why (informal)
- henceforth
Substituições comuns
- therefore
- consequently
- thus
- accordingly
Erros comuns
using ‘hence why’ (redundant) in formal writing, incorrect usage as ‘hence the reason’, or overusing ‘hence’ in informal contexts
Similar / contraste
thus, therefore, consequently, accordingly
Interferências
learners may overgeneralise ‘hence why’ or confuse ‘hence’ with ‘thus’ or ‘therefore’
Família do chunk
- causal connectors
- logical connectors
Nuance
more concise than ‘therefore’; can take a noun phrase directly, e.g., ‘hence the delay’, and implies a logical connection between ideas
Efeito pragmático
signals compact, logical reasoning often found in abstracts, and can convey a sense of causality or consequence
Dica de memória
The system was corrupted. Hence the data loss.
Nota
Use in formal writing to succinctly state a logical conclusion. Avoid informal phrases like 'hence why'.
Upgrade path
therefore → thus → hence
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